The difference at a glance
- Tokyo has 4.2 more men per 100 women aged 20–39 than Osaka.
- Monthly essentials cost 31.3% more in Tokyo than in Osaka.
- A one-bed in the centre costs 82.4% more in Tokyo than in Osaka.
- One average net salary stretches 0.12× less far in Tokyo than in Osaka.
- The safety score is 9 points higher in Tokyo than in Osaka.
- PM2.5 is 9.8 µg/m³ higher in Tokyo than in Osaka.
- Green space is 2 points higher in Tokyo than in Osaka.
Green favours Tokyo. Measured metrics only.
Head to head
Each row is named for the thing more of which is better, so a longer bar always wins.
Longer is better. Bar length is the rank among all 453 cities we hold that measure for, not a share of the pair.
Profile shape
Outward is better on every spoke, on the same percentile scale as the bars above. The area is not a score: it moves with the order of the axes.
Every metric, side by side
Each row carries the level it is measured at. A country figure is never printed as a city figure.
| Men per 100 women, 20–39national census, age×sex | 95.6 | 99.8 | 4.2 fewer men |
|---|---|---|---|
| Essentials, monthlyrent outside centre + bills + food + transit | $995 | $1,306 | 1.31× as much |
| Rent, 1-bed city centremonthly, USD | $689 | $1,257 | 1.82× as much |
| Average net salarymonthly, after tax; average, not median | $1,883 | $2,308 | $425 |
| Salary covers essentialsaverage net salary ÷ essentials | 1.89× | 1.77× | 0.12× |
| Safety scoreperception-based, not police-reported crime | 67/100 | 76/100 | 9 points |
| PM2.5µg/m³ a year; WHO guideline is 5 | 18.6 | 28.4 | 1.53× |
| Green spaceshare of residents in high-greenness area, 2025 NDVI | 37% | 39% | 2 points |
| Food outletswithin 5 km (3 mi); OpenStreetMap density, a scene signal, not quality | 6,145 | 7,071 | 926 |
| Universitieswithin 18 km (11 mi), deduplicated to institutions | 77 | 209 | 2.71× |
| Reported enrolmentwhere Wikidata reports it; no sex split | 145,800 | 183,036 | 1.26× |
| Warmest monthcontextfeels like, ten-year monthly normal | 35°C / 95°F | 32°C / 89°F | — |
| Coolest monthcontextfeels like, ten-year monthly normal | 3°C / 38°F | 1°C / 33°F | — |
| Wettest monthcontextrainfall, ten-year monthly normal | 254 mm / 10.0 in | 188 mm / 7.4 in | — |
| Airportcontextnearest scheduled-service class | International | International | — |
| Beach towncontexton or beside the coast | No | No | — |
| Populationcontextas enumerated at this level | 2,752,024 | 9,744,534 | — |
| Tourist pressurecontextvisitor lodging per 1,000 urban-centre residents | 0.07 | 0.07 | — |
| Expat easeest.hand-set estimate | 80/100 | 68/100 | 12 points |
| Walkabilityest.hand-set estimate | 85/100 | 90/100 | 5 points |
| Nightlifeest.hand-set estimate | 90/100 | 92/100 | 2 points |
| Traffic safetyest.hand-set estimate | 74/100 | 78/100 | 4 points |
| Power gridest.hand-set estimate | 93/100 | 95/100 | 2 points |
| Urban intensityest.hand-set estimate | 88/100 | 96/100 | — |
Data updated August 6, 2026. Cost figures are Numbeo; sex ratio is the national census age×sex table.
Sex ratio and climate
Sex ratio is men per 100 women in each five-year band, with 100 as parity. Climate is ten-year monthly normals.
Everyday prices
The single items the monthly figures are built from. Cheaper side highlighted.
| Item | Osaka | Tokyo |
|---|---|---|
| Meal, inexpensive restaurant | $6.16 | $7.39 |
| Meal for 2, mid-range | $30.78 | $43.09 |
| McMeal at McDonald's | $4.31 | $4.92 |
| Cappuccino, regular | $2.91 | $3.45 |
| Domestic beer, 0.5 L draught | $2.46 | $3.69 |
| Imported beer, 0.33 L bottle | $3.69 | $4.92 |
| Coke/Pepsi, 0.33 L | $1.40 | $1.53 |
| Water, 0.33 L bottle | $0.70 | $0.82 |
| Milk, 1 L | $1.40 | $1.52 |
| White bread, 500 g | $1.29 | $1.63 |
| White rice, 1 kg | $5.54 | $5.72 |
| Eggs, 12 | $2.05 | $2.17 |
| Local cheese, 1 kg | $9.36 | $10.78 |
| Chicken fillets, 1 kg | $6.57 | $7.39 |
| Apples, 1 kg | $3.27 | $4.90 |
| Bananas, 1 kg | $1.91 | $2.57 |
| Tomatoes, 1 kg | $3.92 | $6.18 |
| Potatoes, 1 kg | $1.49 | $3.58 |
| Onions, 1 kg | $1.12 | $3.36 |
| Water, 1.5 L bottle | $0.89 | $0.83 |
| One-way ticket, local transport | $1.35 | $1.29 |
| Monthly transit pass | $31.70 | $75.41 |
| Taxi start | $3.85 | $3.08 |
| Taxi, 1 km | $1.85 | $3.08 |
| Gasoline, 1 L | $1.06 | $1.05 |
| Basic utilities, 85 m² flat | $127.13 | $153.50 |
| Internet, 60 Mbps+ | $29.79 | $30.33 |
| Mobile plan, monthly | $23.60 | $21.91 |
| Gym, monthly | $54.89 | $63.10 |
| Cinema, one seat | $11.70 | $12.31 |
Common questions
Answered here, from the figures above.
Which has more women, Osaka or Tokyo?
Osaka, by 4.2 fewer men per 100 women.
men per 100 women, aged 20–39
Is Tokyo cheaper than Osaka?
Osaka is cheaper, by 1.31× as much a month.
essentials per month
Which is safer, Osaka or Tokyo?
Tokyo, by 9 points.
safety score, higher is safer
Perception-based, not police-reported crime.
Which has better air quality?
Osaka, by 1.53×.
PM2.5 µg/m³, annual mean
Both sit above the WHO guideline of 5.
Which goes further on a local salary?
Osaka, by 0.12×.
essentials covered by one average net salary
Put Osaka and Tokyo on the same board
Both cities land on the desk already pinned, next to every other city we track.
Open both in the research deskOr go deeper on Japan: visa, tax, scams, dating culture and subregion rankings. Unlocks the deep-dive, and every other market.
Photos: Osaka: 663highland, CC BY 2.5 · Tokyo: Morio, CC BY-SA 3.0.
