The ratio moves with age — and not the same way everywhere

One line per city, from ages 18–24 to 40–49. 112 of 173 cities improve for men as the band gets older; 61 get worse.

Line chart of male-to-female ratio across five age bands for 173 cities, with the median highlighted and six extreme cities named

Grey is every city. The black line is the median. The six named lines are the largest movers among cities whose arrays cover their whole population.

Download the chart (PNG)

What the chart says

The median barely moves — 100.7 at 20–24 to 99.0 at 35–39. Anyone quoting a single national drift is describing almost nothing.
The spread is the story. Individual cities swing more than 20 points across the same bands, in both directions, which is why picking a city on its headline 20–39 figure can invert once you pick an actual age.

All 251

Every city, sorted by how far the ratio drifts from 20–24 to 35–39.

#	City	Country	20–24	25–29	30–34	35–39	40–49	Drift 20–24 → 35–39
1	Chiang Rai	Thailand	156.3	101.5	92.1	89.2	81.7	-67.1
2	Phuket	Thailand	90.1	85.4	75.5	67.3	71.7	-22.8
3	Mawlamyine	Myanmar	99.6	70.5	99.7	78.8	77.5	-20.8
4	Khon Kaen	Thailand	113.9	109.6	101.0	93.3	88.7	-20.6
5	Hua Hin	Thailand	100.1	89.2	92.7	79.7	74.8	-20.4
6	Mandalay	Myanmar	109.4	88.7	109.3	90.1	83.8	-19.3
7	Cascais	Portugal	105.5	108.2	92.9	87.2	84.2	-18.3
8	Yangon	Myanmar	101.9	87.7	92.6	85.9	83.5	-16.0
9	Funchal	Portugal	108.1	99.0	98.8	92.1	90.6	-16.0
10	Pereira	Colombia	102.1	96.0	89.5	86.9	85.1	-15.2
11	Portimão	Portugal	105.6	101.4	100.5	90.9	88.8	-14.7
12	Winnipeg	Canada	112.0	104.8	99.0	97.9	97.1	-14.1
13	Recife	Brazil	99.7	94.0	89.0	85.7	83.0	-14.0
14	Riobamba	Ecuador	96.2	92.0	89.9	82.3	82.9	-13.9
15	Guadalajara	Mexico	109.0	111.1	105.8	95.2	80.7	-13.8
16	San Diego	United States of America	121.0	109.3	107.8	107.7	105.1	-13.3
17	Salvador	Brazil	93.6	87.6	83.1	81.3	81.1	-12.3
18	Bariloche	Argentina	107.4	98.3	93.8	95.2	93.6	-12.2
19	Rivera	Uruguay	115.1	106.4	103.1	103.9	99.6	-11.2
20	Ciudad del Este	Paraguay	106.6	106.2	102.4	95.4	90.8	-11.2
21	Brest	Belarus	105.5	97.8	98.3	94.5	90.3	-11.0
22	Warsaw	Poland	101.5	88.8	85.5	90.6	92.1	-10.9
23	Timisoara	Romania	105.1	94.8	91.2	94.4	94.1	-10.7
24	Halifax	Canada	106.1	100.4	97.6	95.5	93.0	-10.6
25	Rio de Janeiro	Brazil	99.4	94.4	91.4	89.0	86.7	-10.4
26	Subotica	Serbia	110.5	105.1	102.6	100.2	103.6	-10.3
27	Bucharest	Romania	104.3	92.5	91.9	94.1	96.6	-10.2
28	Braga	Portugal	103.3	99.9	95.5	93.1	88.4	-10.2
29	Fortaleza	Brazil	97.4	91.6	89.6	87.3	82.9	-10.1
30	Barysaw	Belarus	111.1	100.7	103.1	101.0	96.1	-10.1
31	São Paulo	Brazil	100.8	97.5	94.6	90.8	86.9	-10.0
32	Johor Bahru	Malaysia	128.0	129.9	125.7	118.1	115.3	-9.9
33	Cluj-Napoca	Romania	100.9	87.5	86.9	91.5	94.7	-9.4
34	Nay Pyi Taw	Myanmar	100.2	96.9	84.6	90.8	87.8	-9.4
35	Mogilev	Belarus	107.9	103.8	102.7	98.5	93.4	-9.4
36	Santo Domingo	Ecuador	92.6	85.1	84.1	83.2	87.9	-9.4
37	Meknes	Morocco	96.2	92.5	91.0	87.0	91.6	-9.2
38	Merida	Mexico	102.2	100.1	98.7	93.1	84.1	-9.1
39	Antalya	Turkey	107.2	105.9	101.5	98.1	100.5	-9.1
40	Asunción	Paraguay	99.7	101.7	99.3	90.6	80.3	-9.1
41	Pucón	Chile	100.9	96.7	92.8	91.8	95.0	-9.1
42	Varna	Bulgaria	110.2	102.8	102.7	101.1	102.1	-9.1
43	Vitebsk	Belarus	105.9	102.6	99.8	97.0	92.5	-8.9
44	Iquique	Chile	105.9	100.4	101.5	97.3	97.4	-8.6
45	Quito	Ecuador	99.8	94.3	93.0	91.2	88.3	-8.6
46	Ottawa	Canada	103.0	100.7	97.6	94.5	91.8	-8.5
47	Paysandú	Uruguay	110.8	103.9	106.7	102.3	99.0	-8.5
48	Rabat	Morocco	96.2	95.1	91.5	87.8	90.1	-8.4
49	Jeju City	South Korea	109.8	97.3	103.2	101.4	91.1	-8.4
50	Ankara	Turkey	105.2	100.4	98.2	97.0	95.8	-8.2
51	Bursa	Turkey	107.9	101.8	100.2	99.7	100.0	-8.2
52	Fez	Morocco	96.9	94.6	93.2	88.7	90.9	-8.2
53	Cuenca	Ecuador	96.4	96.3	89.5	88.2	84.4	-8.2
54	Manta	Ecuador	96.7	90.7	92.8	88.5	89.1	-8.2
55	Sibiu	Romania	101.6	91.1	88.9	93.4	96.4	-8.2
56	Faro	Portugal	103.2	104.7	93.8	95.1	93.1	-8.1
57	Constanta	Romania	103.2	91.8	92.1	95.2	94.3	-8.0
58	Lima	Peru	100.3	94.8	91.2	92.4	91.4	-7.9
59	Loja	Ecuador	93.8	88.7	88.8	85.9	84.3	-7.9
60	Calgary	Canada	105.7	98.8	96.5	97.9	98.3	-7.8
61	Kraljevo	Serbia	109.7	109.2	108.8	102.3	100.7	-7.4
62	Nha Trang	Vietnam	109.0	111.0	103.8	101.7	101.1	-7.3
63	Kampot	Cambodia	102.6	90.7	94.1	95.4	94.3	-7.2
64	Portoviejo	Ecuador	97.1	92.9	91.7	89.9	87.7	-7.2
65	Colonia del Sacramento	Uruguay	110.4	104.1	102.0	103.3	100.5	-7.1
66	Taunggyi	Myanmar	104.2	88.8	109.3	97.1	99.2	-7.1
67	Grodno	Belarus	106.8	102.8	102.8	99.7	93.4	-7.1
68	Cali	Colombia	90.7	88.5	85.9	83.7	81.6	-7.0
69	Barranquilla	Colombia	101.7	99.9	96.6	94.7	91.8	-7.0
70	Santo Domingo	Dominican Republic	93.9	92.0	89.3	86.9	86.3	-7.0
71	La Serena	Chile	104.1	102.2	98.3	97.2	89.5	-6.9
72	Adana	Turkey	106.6	104.1	100.4	99.8	100.6	-6.8
73	David	Panama	104.1	99.6	98.3	97.3	95.3	-6.8
74	Boquete	Panama	104.1	99.6	98.3	97.3	95.3	-6.8
75	Guayaquil	Ecuador	99.0	95.1	95.1	92.3	92.5	-6.7
76	Gomel	Belarus	102.4	101.2	96.8	95.7	89.4	-6.7
77	Minsk	Belarus	100.6	93.0	94.9	93.9	91.9	-6.7
78	Panama City	Panama	103.1	100.5	97.8	96.4	93.9	-6.7
79	Colon	Panama	100.6	97.8	93.9	94.1	95.1	-6.5
80	Santa Marta	Colombia	101.3	99.0	97.6	94.9	89.3	-6.4
81	Cusco	Peru	94.1	86.4	82.5	87.7	85.9	-6.4
82	Salta	Argentina	99.9	97.5	95.2	93.8	89.0	-6.1
83	Belgrade	Serbia	99.4	96.2	93.5	93.3	94.3	-6.1
84	Ipoh	Malaysia	125.0	132.6	122.4	119.0	105.3	-6.0
85	Cartagena	Colombia	100.0	96.9	96.1	94.1	88.8	-5.9
86	Izmir	Turkey	106.7	105.1	102.5	100.8	97.9	-5.9
87	Salto	Uruguay	106.9	102.3	100.2	101.0	96.5	-5.9
88	Ponta Delgada	Portugal	101.4	98.3	100.2	95.5	94.0	-5.9
89	Florianópolis	Brazil	100.6	97.1	99.3	94.8	92.5	-5.8
90	Malacca	Malaysia	118.1	101.6	167.1	112.3	103.5	-5.8
91	Duran	Ecuador	95.2	93.0	90.5	89.4	89.2	-5.8
92	Encarnación	Paraguay	98.8	96.6	94.2	93.2	96.6	-5.6
93	Bandung	Indonesia	108.4	110.2	109.2	103.0	98.0	-5.4
94	Toronto	Canada	102.0	99.0	99.1	96.6	90.2	-5.4
95	Medellin	Colombia	102.1	102.3	100.1	96.7	88.2	-5.4
96	Bucaramanga	Colombia	102.8	102.0	99.6	97.4	90.5	-5.4
97	Arequipa	Peru	93.7	96.2	94.0	88.5	81.3	-5.2
98	Novi Sad	Serbia	97.8	94.8	94.7	92.7	93.9	-5.1
99	Bocas Town	Panama	95.6	87.6	83.3	90.6	99.2	-5.0
100	Oradea	Romania	98.5	92.7	93.6	93.6	94.9	-4.9
101	Casablanca	Morocco	98.3	98.3	97.2	93.4	93.7	-4.9
102	Istanbul	Turkey	103.6	101.7	101.3	98.8	99.2	-4.8
103	Porto	Portugal	100.7	100.1	97.1	96.0	90.9	-4.7
104	Mar del Plata	Argentina	98.7	96.2	95.8	94.1	91.9	-4.6
105	Ho Chi Minh City	Vietnam	102.5	96.6	96.7	98.0	98.1	-4.5
106	Agadir	Morocco	98.0	96.8	95.4	93.5	101.3	-4.5
107	Łódź	Poland	103.5	94.3	94.7	99.1	98.3	-4.4
108	Temuco	Chile	95.6	98.5	96.1	91.2	85.8	-4.4
109	Puerto Plata	Dominican Republic	105.0	104.2	103.3	100.7	98.8	-4.3
110	Sosúa	Dominican Republic	105.0	104.2	103.3	100.7	98.8	-4.3
111	Pardubice	Czechia	106.5	104.2	101.7	102.2	102.1	-4.3
112	Antofagasta	Chile	105.0	102.4	99.8	100.8	95.9	-4.2
113	Mexico City	Mexico	104.7	105.2	107.3	100.6	83.9	-4.1
114	Luque	Paraguay	97.4	97.1	95.7	93.3	90.9	-4.1
115	Viña del Mar	Chile	100.9	101.6	101.9	96.8	92.7	-4.1
116	Puerto Montt	Chile	102.7	105.7	101.1	98.6	96.5	-4.1
117	Valparaíso	Chile	105.6	106.4	103.8	101.7	93.5	-3.9
118	Da Lat	Vietnam	108.9	116.3	110.8	105.1	102.0	-3.8
119	Brasov	Romania	99.3	90.4	92.6	95.5	98.7	-3.8
120	Bogota	Colombia	99.9	99.9	98.8	96.2	90.8	-3.7
121	Battambang	Cambodia	103.7	96.5	97.9	100.2	94.6	-3.5
122	Da Nang	Vietnam	104.9	101.7	100.3	101.5	103.2	-3.4
123	Machala	Ecuador	97.2	92.8	90.4	93.8	92.9	-3.4
124	Santiago	Panama	105.2	102.3	99.9	101.8	105.8	-3.4
125	Edmonton	Canada	103.9	100.0	100.0	100.6	101.4	-3.3
126	Boca Chica	Dominican Republic	95.3	93.3	91.8	92.0	93.4	-3.3
127	Santiago de los Caballeros	Dominican Republic	98.4	96.9	95.3	95.2	95.3	-3.2
128	La Romana	Dominican Republic	99.5	97.6	96.8	96.3	92.1	-3.2
129	Poznań	Poland	102.3	87.0	93.4	99.3	98.1	-3.0
130	San Pedro de Macorís	Dominican Republic	100.7	100.1	98.5	97.7	92.5	-3.0
131	Kragujevac	Serbia	101.6	99.5	97.2	98.6	100.3	-3.0
132	Punta del Este	Uruguay	110.0	109.3	104.1	107.1	99.8	-2.9
133	Siem Reap	Cambodia	102.7	96.8	96.7	99.9	97.8	-2.8
134	Sofia	Bulgaria	106.5	104.3	103.9	103.7	101.7	-2.8
135	Tangier	Morocco	103.9	105.9	106.2	101.2	100.4	-2.7
136	Hai Phong	Vietnam	104.1	100.8	100.1	101.4	100.2	-2.7
137	George Town	Malaysia	105.7	116.3	100.9	103.1	102.6	-2.6
138	Hradec Kralove	Czechia	102.2	106.4	98.0	99.6	100.1	-2.6
139	Burgas	Bulgaria	102.5	105.6	100.9	99.9	103.0	-2.6
140	Montreal	Canada	102.0	101.8	101.1	99.7	101.3	-2.3
141	Monterrey	Mexico	107.8	110.3	110.4	105.8	90.9	-2.0
142	Ruse	Bulgaria	109.4	109.1	109.3	107.7	108.0	-1.7
143	San Jose	Costa Rica	107.8	109.8	110.1	106.2	100.7	-1.6
144	Kraków	Poland	100.5	87.9	90.5	99.0	96.6	-1.5
145	Tampa	United States of America	99.2	99.4	100.0	98.0	100.2	-1.2
146	La Plata	Argentina	97.4	95.7	98.2	96.3	93.2	-1.1
147	Kep	Cambodia	102.1	92.8	101.1	101.0	99.6	-1.1
148	Atlanta	United States of America	100.8	94.3	96.0	99.8	91.7	-1.0
149	Ceske Budejovice	Czechia	102.2	100.7	101.5	101.2	100.0	-1.0
150	Coimbra	Portugal	92.3	101.3	96.0	91.3	90.8	-1.0
151	Pedro Juan Caballero	Paraguay	98.4	98.5	98.8	97.6	97.8	-0.8
152	Marrakech	Morocco	93.7	92.2	94.4	92.9	95.7	-0.8
153	Lisboa	Portugal	101.6	99.5	102.4	100.8	93.8	-0.8
154	Phnom Penh	Cambodia	95.0	90.3	94.3	94.5	101.3	-0.5
155	Phoenix	United States of America	105.2	103.9	103.9	104.7	100.2	-0.5
156	Niš	Serbia	101.7	101.1	100.0	101.2	97.9	-0.5
157	Can Tho	Vietnam	105.9	104.6	103.6	105.5	105.2	-0.4
158	Montevideo	Uruguay	98.2	99.8	98.6	97.8	93.7	-0.4
159	Gdańsk	Poland	99.3	85.6	92.5	99.3	97.5	+0.0
160	Olomouc	Czechia	97.3	99.3	102.0	97.3	99.8	+0.0
161	Stara Zagora	Bulgaria	104.8	111.4	107.2	104.8	109.3	+0.0
162	Kota Kinabalu	Malaysia	106.5	105.6	102.3	106.6	105.5	+0.1
163	San Miguel de Tucumán	Argentina	96.0	95.4	96.6	96.2	90.5	+0.2
164	Miami	United States of America	103.5	103.0	104.9	103.7	102.6	+0.2
165	Wrocław	Poland	99.2	89.8	93.1	99.6	101.1	+0.4
166	Rosario	Argentina	95.8	94.1	93.1	96.2	93.8	+0.4
167	Hanoi	Vietnam	96.8	90.9	92.2	97.5	101.8	+0.7
168	Angeles City	Philippines	98.2	95.3	97.7	99.0	103.0	+0.8
169	Kecskemet	Hungary	110.5	111.8	109.7	111.3	107.0	+0.8
170	Alajuela	Costa Rica	108.1	109.4	110.0	108.9	103.5	+0.8
171	Gyor	Hungary	105.4	104.9	107.3	106.6	104.4	+1.2
172	Metro Manila	Philippines	101.2	102.6	105.3	102.5	99.9	+1.3
173	Baguio City	Philippines	100.1	100.2	99.8	101.4	97.9	+1.3
174	Budapest	Hungary	101.2	101.2	102.5	102.6	97.3	+1.4
175	Córdoba	Argentina	94.0	95.3	96.0	95.5	92.5	+1.5
176	Berlin	Germany	101.2	100.6	102.1	102.8	101.9	+1.6
177	Iasi	Romania	102.3	88.8	97.3	104.1	102.8	+1.8
178	Dallas	United States of America	100.1	99.9	102.1	101.9	99.1	+1.8
179	Gaziantep	Turkey	100.1	98.8	99.5	102.0	104.7	+1.9
180	Limon	Costa Rica	94.7	96.2	92.3	97.2	99.5	+2.5
181	Osaka	Japan	84.2	85.9	83.1	86.8	89.2	+2.6
182	Dumaguete	Philippines	95.6	97.0	101.1	98.4	97.9	+2.8
183	Mendoza	Argentina	100.7	101.4	105.1	103.7	92.5	+3.0
184	San Isidro de El General	Costa Rica	97.4	98.3	104.9	100.4	94.0	+3.0
185	Nyiregyhaza	Hungary	104.6	108.6	111.0	107.7	106.5	+3.1
186	Nuremberg	Germany	104.1	108.0	110.3	107.3	99.0	+3.2
187	Liberec	Czechia	97.6	105.7	101.4	100.8	100.0	+3.2
188	Usti nad Labem	Czechia	104.7	101.2	108.7	108.0	103.4	+3.3
189	Los Angeles	United States of America	101.1	100.8	103.6	104.6	101.3	+3.5
190	Iloilo City	Philippines	100.1	102.4	105.9	103.7	103.0	+3.6
191	Villarrica	Paraguay	98.8	97.1	98.1	102.6	103.1	+3.8
192	Munich	Germany	99.7	99.2	99.5	103.7	98.9	+4.0
193	Prague	Czechia	96.9	99.5	102.7	100.9	100.4	+4.0
194	Jakarta	Indonesia	95.3	97.8	98.5	99.5	100.9	+4.2
195	Puerto Vallarta	Mexico	103.1	105.0	111.2	107.5	95.7	+4.4
196	Omaha	United States of America	99.1	100.5	102.4	103.5	101.8	+4.4
197	Manado	Indonesia	99.6	107.1	107.0	104.1	100.5	+4.5
198	Hamburg	Germany	97.1	99.2	101.0	101.7	98.7	+4.6
199	Brno	Czechia	100.6	106.0	106.9	105.2	101.4	+4.6
200	Denpasar	Indonesia	100.8	105.6	107.7	105.5	110.7	+4.7
201	Chicago	United States of America	96.7	97.3	100.0	101.6	98.0	+4.9
202	Concepción	Chile	98.4	106.0	107.8	103.4	92.9	+5.0
203	Frankfurt am Main	Germany	95.8	97.0	97.9	101.0	97.2	+5.2
204	Debrecen	Hungary	107.2	110.4	111.6	112.4	108.0	+5.2
205	Liberia	Costa Rica	104.7	111.1	104.6	110.5	103.4	+5.8
206	Playa del Carmen	Mexico	111.6	109.0	111.2	117.6	103.6	+6.0
207	Plovdiv	Bulgaria	97.0	102.1	103.7	103.3	105.3	+6.3
208	Miskolc	Hungary	106.3	110.7	109.5	113.0	108.7	+6.7
209	Ostrava	Czechia	103.0	104.7	105.7	109.7	105.6	+6.7
210	Quebec City	Canada	99.1	104.2	102.7	106.0	103.8	+6.9
211	Davao City	Philippines	101.1	104.6	108.5	108.1	107.0	+7.0
212	Nakuru	Kenya	94.9	91.7	90.8	101.9	107.5	+7.0
213	Seattle	United States of America	103.3	108.9	111.7	110.5	107.3	+7.2
214	Dresden	Germany	103.5	113.8	117.8	110.8	106.1	+7.3
215	Stuttgart	Germany	100.1	104.5	104.4	107.4	100.9	+7.3
216	Cebu City	Philippines	97.4	102.2	105.3	104.8	100.9	+7.4
217	Vancouver	Canada	95.4	95.4	99.8	102.8	95.0	+7.4
218	Duesseldorf	Germany	91.0	91.2	96.7	98.4	95.3	+7.4
219	Malindi	Kenya	88.8	84.8	76.4	96.4	94.1	+7.6
220	Surabaya	Indonesia	94.2	101.0	102.8	101.9	97.7	+7.7
221	Minneapolis	United States of America	97.7	101.5	106.1	105.4	102.6	+7.7
222	Sapporo	Japan	81.0	85.2	87.6	88.9	85.4	+7.9
223	Essaouira	Morocco	95.8	99.4	99.4	104.0	100.8	+8.2
224	Fukuoka	Japan	70.0	73.1	77.2	79.8	80.1	+9.8
225	Portland	United States of America	94.7	94.8	100.5	104.8	104.2	+10.1
226	Plzen	Czechia	94.0	105.3	107.8	104.1	96.5	+10.1
227	New Orleans	United States of America	79.8	85.3	86.5	90.0	89.8	+10.2
228	Diani Beach	Kenya	83.7	82.3	80.5	94.2	99.1	+10.5
229	Cologne	Germany	89.0	90.4	100.1	100.0	96.8	+11.0
230	Szeged	Hungary	97.0	106.5	110.0	108.3	105.4	+11.3
231	Pecs	Hungary	94.9	103.2	106.1	106.6	102.0	+11.7
232	Buenos Aires	Argentina	89.1	98.4	98.9	100.8	95.1	+11.7
233	Nashville	United States of America	89.7	88.9	97.2	101.6	100.0	+11.9
234	Yogyakarta	Indonesia	89.4	105.5	104.4	101.4	95.6	+12.0
235	Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	114.2	115.9	122.0	126.2	126.5	+12.0
236	Sihanoukville	Cambodia	110.2	113.7	112.9	122.5	119.1	+12.3
237	Boston	United States of America	87.1	94.9	101.0	100.5	98.6	+13.4
238	Punta Cana	Dominican Republic	96.2	97.4	101.3	111.0	118.1	+14.8
239	Santiago	Chile	104.8	112.6	117.0	120.5	112.4	+15.7
240	Austin	United States of America	100.1	106.8	111.7	116.0	108.3	+15.9
241	Denver	United States of America	94.4	99.9	107.6	112.0	111.3	+17.6
242	San Francisco	United States of America	96.1	105.2	112.5	113.8	116.7	+17.7
243	Jaco	Costa Rica	93.8	98.3	108.3	112.1	107.0	+18.3
244	New York City	United States of America	81.3	88.3	99.8	101.8	101.3	+20.5
245	Leipzig	Germany	88.3	100.6	109.3	109.3	110.9	+21.0
246	Tokyo	Japan	93.8	106.8	107.3	116.2	106.4	+22.4
247	Mombasa	Kenya	84.1	95.9	100.8	112.0	132.7	+27.9
248	Victoria	Canada	73.8	93.7	101.2	105.1	102.8	+31.3
249	Nairobi	Kenya	79.6	94.0	101.4	110.9	127.6	+31.3
250	Kisumu	Kenya	82.4	84.6	87.5	114.7	112.3	+32.3
251	Suwon	South Korea	85.4	90.2	119.3	118.4	112.9	+33.0

A band is shown only where that city has at least 500 people in it, so a small city can be blank in a narrow band and still appear.

Where this is wrong

These are not the same people ageing. Each band is a different cohort measured at one moment, so a falling line is not a forecast of anyone's future.
The six named lines use a stricter filter than the chart body. They are limited to cities whose arrays cover their stated population, because the raw extremes came from markets whose arrays cover a few per cent of the city.
23 cities are held back, not missing. Every UK city, and most of Taiwan, Thailand and South Korea, ship census arrays that are not population counts — a few hundred people against multi-million cities, and Belfast computing to 158 men per 100 women off 173 people. They are excluded until the source is rebuilt.
Population is the linked administrative unit, not always the metro. New York City's census arrays cover a borough, Mexico City's a delegación, Japan's four cities a ward. Those ratios are real ratios of real places, but read them as that unit rather than as the whole metro.

Sources

Age by sex: national statistics offices, per market, at the finest published level — see methodology for the per-country source table. Built with Python and matplotlib; the renderer is geomax/viz/chart_suite.py.

The same numbers drive the research desk, where you can filter and sort every city here, and city rankings.

Run it on your own age band →

This chart is five fixed bands. The research desk takes any window you set, which is the point — the ranking moves when the band does.

The per-market deep-dives — 13 tabs of cost, visa, tax, safety and sub-national ratio for one country — are behind the Pro gate. Everything on this page is not.